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Sonata No. 11, K. 331 — Alla Turca

W. A. Mozart

By Mayank Sanganeria

In A major, this piece is 141 chord changes across 128 bars under the notes on the page — a expert-tier piece by our difficulty audit, 97 of 97 in the library, ranked easiest to hardest. Reduced to block chords, that's a progression you can learn in a sitting; the piece you're reading is that progression wearing figuration.

Practice this piece → Practice chords → Learn it section by section → Hear the harmony → Sight-read something new →

What's inside the harmony

Reducing the piece to block chords and labeling every change turns up harmonic phenomena that are easy to miss reading the figuration straight — each one below is also its own corpus-wide census.

• Secondary dominants 4× bar 34: V7/vi (G#) · bar 39: V7/iii · bar 50: V7/vi (G#)
• Borrowed chords 4× bar 12: bVII · bar 14: bIII+7 (E) · bar 76: bVII
• Color chords 2× bar 14: bIII+7 (E) · bar 78: bIII+7 (E)
• Chord inversions 40× bar 2: bVI7 (A) (first inversion, bass A3) · bar 7: v (B) (second inversion, bass B2) · bar 9: i7 (C) (first inversion, bass C3)
• Seventh chords 40× bar 2: bVI7 (A) — F-major seventh chord · bar 9: i7 (C) — A-minor seventh chord · bar 10: v7 (G) — E-minor seventh chord
• Modulation 4× bar 13: bars 13–21: a minor (r=0.88) · bar 31: bars 31–37: f# minor (r=0.87) · bar 49: bars 49–60: f# minor (r=0.93)
• Pedal points 6× bar 1: A3 held bars 1–4 under i, bVI7 (A), i7 · bar 17: A3 held bars 17–19 under i, bVI7 (A), i7 · bar 24: A2 held bars 24–26 under i, I, I7

Free scores

• Blocked-chord reduction (MusicXML) — the harmony skeleton the player performs
• The piece as written (MusicXML)